What are some common risk factors for lung cancer?

Smoking and secondhand smoke are well-established risk factors for lung cancer. The carcinogenic substances found in tobacco smoke can damage the cells lining the lungs, leading to mutations and the eventual development of cancer. This risk is compounded for individuals who are exposed to secondhand smoke, where non-smokers breathe in smoke exhaled by smokers, increasing their likelihood of developing lung cancer even if they do not smoke themselves.

The other options listed do not primarily contribute to the risk of lung cancer. UV radiation is more associated with skin cancers, while obesity and lack of exercise, as well as a high-fat diet, can influence a range of health issues but are not direct causes of lung cancer. Understanding the specific risk factors for lung cancer is crucial for prevention and early detection strategies.